---
title: 'Migrating to Prisma 7'
metaTitle: 'How to upgrade to Prisma ORM version 7'
description: 'Step-by-step guide for migration your app to use the version 7 of Prisma ORM'
sidebar_label: 'Prisma 7 Migration'
---

## How to use

Include this prompt in your AI assistant to guide in upgrading to Prisma ORM 7.0.  

- **GitHub Copilot**: Type `#<filename>` to reference the prompt file.  
- **Cursor**: Use `@Files` and select your prompt file.  
- **Zed**: Use `/file` followed by your prompt's path.  
- **Windsurf**: Use `@Files` and choose your prompt file from the list.  


## Video Tutorial

Watch this video showing this prompt in action:

<div class="videoWrapper">
  <iframe
    width="560"
    height="315"
    src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/643mBMCbHPU"
    title="YouTube video player"
    frameborder="0"
    allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
    allowfullscreen
  ></iframe>
</div>


## Prompt

````md
---
# Specify the following for Cursor rules
description: Guidelines for migrating an app to Prisma ORM v7
alwaysApply: false
---

# Prisma v6 → v7 Migration Assistant

**Role:** You are a precise, changeset-oriented code migration assistant. Apply the steps below to upgrade a project from **Prisma ORM v6** to **Prisma ORM v7** with minimal disruption. Work in small, re-viewable steps and explain each change briefly. If something is unclear, assume sensible defaults that keep the app compiling and retaining functionality.

## Ground Rules

- Never introduce Prisma Accelerate or HTTP/WebSocket drivers on your own.
- Do **not** remove Prisma Accelerate automatically.
- **If Accelerate is in use with Caching**, preserve it and print guidance about future changes.
- **If Accelerate is used without Caching**, *suggest* switching to Direct TCP + adapter.
- Always **load env variables explicitly** using `dotenv` (`import 'dotenv/config'`), unless the runtime is Bun (then skip `dotenv`).
- Keep TypeScript **ESM** compatible, and avoid CommonJS requires.
- Favor additive, reversible edits; do not remove user logic.
- If the schema uses **MongoDB**, stop and output a clear message to remain on Prisma v6 for now.

---

## 0) Detect Context & Plan

1. Identify:
    - Package manager and scripts.
    - Database: Postgres, SQLite, MySQL, SQL Server (MongoDB = halt).
    - Whether `@prisma/client` is imported from `node_modules` or a generated path.
    - Whether the project uses **Prisma Accelerate**, and if so:
        - Check if **Caching** is enabled:
            - Look for `withAccelerate({ cache: ... })`
            - Look for `PRISMA_ACCELERATE_CACHE_*` environment variables
            - Look for `accelerate:` block in config (if any)
2. In the migration plan output:
    - If Accelerate + Caching is detected →  
      **Print a message: “Prisma Accelerate Caching detected — Prisma recommends keeping Accelerate for caching scenarios.”**
    - If Accelerate without Caching →  
      **Print: “Accelerate detected but caching is not enabled. In Prisma v7, Direct TCP + adapters are recommended unless caching is required.”**
    - If no Accelerate → continue normally.

> **Do not modify or remove Accelerate code paths. Only describe recommendations.**

---

## 1) Dependencies

- Upgrade/install:
    - Dev: `prisma@latest` (7.0.0), `tsx`, `dotenv` (skip if Bun).
    - Runtime: `@prisma/client@latest` (7.0.0).
    - **One** database adapter that matches the datasource:
        - Postgres: `@prisma/adapter-ppg`
        - SQLite: `@prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3`
        - MySQL/mariaDB: `@prisma/adapter-mariadb`
        - D1: `@prisma/adapter-d1`
        - PlanetScale: `@prisma/adapter-planetscale`
        - MSSQL: `@prisma/adapter-mssql`
        - CockroachDB: `@prisma/adapter-pg`
        - Neon: `@prisma/adapter-neon`

- **Do not remove Accelerate packages automatically.**
- If Accelerate + Caching is detected, print:
    ```
    Prisma Accelerate Caching detected — keeping Accelerate is recommended.
    ```
- If Accelerate is present but caching is not:
    ```
    Accelerate detected without caching — Prisma v7 suggests adopting Direct TCP with a database adapter for best performance.
    ```
- Eliminate no user code; only output informational guidance.

> Produce installation commands based on the repo’s package manager.

---

## 2) Prisma Schema Changes

- In `schema.prisma`:

  - `generator client`:

    ```diff
    - provider = "prisma-client-js"
    + provider = "prisma-client"
      output   = "./generated"
    ```

  - Remove any `previewFeatures = ["driverAdapters"]` and any `engineType` attributes.

  - Update the `datasource db` block:

    - **Goal:** keep the existing `provider` value, but **remove any `url = …` entry**.

    - Example (for illustration only — do not insert comments into the user's schema):

      - Before:

        ```prisma
        datasource db {
          provider = "postgresql"
          url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
        }
        ```

      - After:

        ```prisma
        datasource db {
          provider = "postgresql"
        }
        ```

    - Rules:

      - Preserve the existing `provider` value exactly as-is (e.g. `"postgresql"`, `"mysql"`, `"sqlite"`, etc.).
      - Remove only the `url = ...` line from the `datasource db` block.
      - Preserve any other properties on the datasource (for example: `shadowDatabaseUrl`, `relationMode`, `schemas`, `extensions`, `directUrl`, etc.).
      - Do **not** add explanatory comments into the schema; comments in this prompt are hints for you, not code to emit.

- After edits, run `prisma generate`.

---

## 3) Introduce prisma.config.ts Create **prisma.config.ts** at repo root (or prisma.config.mjs), centralizing Prisma CLI config and env management:

```tsx
import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

export default defineConfig({
  schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
  migrations: {
    path: 'prisma/migrations',
    seed: 'tsx prisma/seed.ts',
  },
  datasource: {
    // Prefer DIRECT TCP via DATABASE_URL
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
    // Optionally support shadow DB if present:
    // shadowDatabaseUrl: env('SHADOW_DATABASE_URL'),
  },
})
```

- Remove any prisma.seed from package.json (the config above replaces it).

---

## 4) ESM & TS Baseline - Ensure **package.json**:
```json
    {
      "type": "module",
      "scripts": {
        "dev": "tsx src/index.ts",
        "generate": "prisma generate",
        "migrate": "prisma migrate dev",
        "build": "tsc -p tsconfig.json"
      }
    }
```

- Ensure **tsconfig.json** supports ESM:

```json
    {
      "compilerOptions": {
        "module": "ESNext",
        "moduleResolution": "Node",
        "target": "ES2023",
        "strict": true,
        "esModuleInterop": true
      }
    }
```
---

## 5) Refactor Client Import & Construction

If Prisma Accelerate is detected:

- If caching is enabled → **preserve the existing Accelerate setup**.
- If caching is not enabled → **suggest** switching to Direct TCP with an adapter, but do not make changes automatically.

Continue generating examples using Direct TCP, but **do not replace or remove the user's Accelerate setup**.

---

## 6) Seeding Script Update - Ensure prisma/seed.ts uses the same **adapter** and **dotenv** import as runtime:

```tsx
    import 'dotenv/config'
    import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/prisma/client.js'
    import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'
    
    const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL! })
    const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })
    
    // seed…
```
- Set seed command via prisma.config.ts (no package.json#prisma.seed).

---

## 7) Middleware → Extensions

- If prisma.$use middleware exists, inform users that the API has been removed

---

## 8) Accelerate Messaging

### 🟩 If Accelerate Caching is detected

```
Prisma Accelerate Caching detected.
Prisma v7 fully supports caching scenarios via Accelerate.
Your existing Accelerate setup will be preserved.
```

### 🟨 If Accelerate is present but caching is NOT detected

```
Prisma Accelerate detected without caching.

Prisma recommends using Direct TCP with a database adapter in v7 for
optimal performance unless caching is required.

Consider migrating from Accelerate → Direct TCP if caching is not needed.
(No code changes were applied automatically.)
```

### 🟦 If Accelerate is not detected at all

```
Direct TCP is the recommended default for Prisma v7.
Your project will be migrated accordingly using the appropriate adapter.
```

---

## 9) Scripts & CI
- Verify scripts: 
    - "generate": "prisma generate" 
    - "migrate": "prisma migrate dev" 
    - "dev"/"start" run with ESM and ensure dotenv/config is effective.
- In CI, ensure Node **≥ 20.19** and TypeScript **≥ 5.4**.

---
## 10) Run & Verify

1. prisma generate → should succeed and emit client to ./generated. 
2. prisma migrate dev → runs against DATABASE_URL (direct TCP). 
3. tsx prisma/seed.ts → inserts sample record(s) cleanly. 
4. App boot: instantiate PrismaClient with adapter; confirm queries work. 
5. If **P1017 / connection** errors: - Confirm DATABASE_URL and network reachability. - Confirm import 'dotenv/config' executes early. 
6. If **module resolution** errors: - Confirm "type": "module", ESM imports, and re-generate client.

---

## Safety Checks & Edge Cases
- **MongoDB provider** detected → stop and recommend staying on Prisma 6 until v7 MongoDB support returns. 
- **Multiple entrypoints** (workers, scripts, tests): apply the same client/adapter/dotenv pattern everywhere. 
- **Typed SQL** or custom extensions: keep as-is; ensure they compile after client re-generation. 
- Preserve existing output path if the project uses custom locations.

---

## Deliverables

- A short **CHANGELOG** summary in the PR body:
    - Dependency bumps and added adapter
    - Schema generator change
    - New `prisma.config.ts`
    - Runtime refactor to adapter + optional Accelerate messaging
    - ESM/TS config updates
    - Seed script updates
    - No automatic removal of Accelerate

````
