Timeline Planning Skill Skill

Timeline Planning Skill

Generate Mermaid Gantt charts that visualize project timelines, task scheduling, phases, and milestones based on GitHub issues and their estimates.

When to Use

Activate this skill when:

User asks "what would the timeline look like?"
User says "create a Gantt chart", "show me the project schedule"
After running the issue-decomposition skill, to visualize scheduling of the resulting issues
During sprint planning to allocate work

Mermaid Gantt Syntax

Basic Structure

gantt
    title Project Timeline
    dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD

    section Phase 1
    Task A :a, 2025-01-15, 2d
    Task B :b, after a, 3d

    section Phase 2
    Task C :c, after b, 2d

Key Elements

title - Chart title
dateFormat - How dates are parsed
section - Groups related tasks
Task format: Name :id, start, duration

CRITICAL: Never put a colon in a task name

Mermaid splits each task row at the first colon. Any colon inside the task name silently eats the rest of the row — no parse error, no warning, just a wrong label on a chart that still renders. This bites constantly because real issue titles are full of colons (skill: timeline-planning — update, fix: handle empty input).

WRONG — renders as a task literally labelled #49 skill:

#49 skill: timeline-planning — update :i49, 2026-09-15, 3d

CORRECT — replace each colon with -:

#49 skill - timeline-planning — update :i49, 2026-09-15, 3d

Sanitize every title before emitting it: replace : with -, then collapse runs of whitespace.

Parentheses and commas are safe inside a Gantt task name — unlike flowchart node labels, where dependency-mapping and mermaid-diagrams correctly forbid parentheses. Do not strip them here; only the colon matters. (A comma after the name is a field separator and still significant.)

Task IDs

Derive the id from the issue number — i<number> — so every bar traces back to its issue and the same issue can never appear twice under two ids. Prefix the visible name with #<number> too.

Estimate to Duration Conversion

Where estimates actually live

Look in this order and stop at the first hit:

A points-<n> label (points-4, points-8), written by estimating-work-items. The number after the dash is the estimate; look it up in the points table below.
A size/effort label. Lowercase it, strip a leading size / effort / estimate / t-shirt token and the one separator that follows it, and look the remainder up in the table below: effort/large → large, size/M → m, size:medium → medium, effort/x-large → x-large. Do not split on every -, or x-large collapses to large and an XL task gets sized as an L.
The issue body. issue-decomposition and estimating-work-items write the estimate into the body under an ## Estimate heading. The first line of that section is **<n> points**; older issues may carry a T-shirt word there instead. Read whichever it is.
A numeric points field in the body (Story points: 5) or on the repo's GitHub Project, if the project uses one: look it up in the points table below, and if an issue's number is not on the powers-of-two scale, round it up to the next bucket and say so. Never round an epic's points: they are the exact sum of its children.
Nothing found → fall through to the No Estimates edge case below.

Never assume a repo uses the words "Small/Medium/Large/XL" verbatim. Run gh label list first to see the vocabulary in play; most repos use something else.

Points table

Points are relative size, not time, so this mapping is a planning default, not a fact. Use it, state it in the mapping report, and change it if the user gives a different velocity.

| Points | Duration | Notes | |---|---|---| | 1 | 1d | | | 2 | 2d | | | 4 | 4d | | | 8 | 8d | Largest single issue | | Epic (any sum) | Sum of children | An epic's points are the sum of its children, with no upper limit. Draw the children and the epic as a milestone |

T-shirt table (legacy)

For repos that still size with words:

| Estimate (normalized) | Also written as | Duration | Notes | |---|---|---|---| | Small | s, xs, tiny, small | 1d | Single-day task | | Medium | m, medium | 3d | Few days of work | | Large | l, large | 5d | Almost a week | | XL | xl, xxl, x-large, huge | 8d | Full week+ |

Adjust either table for team velocity, complexity indicators, and buffer for unknowns, and say what you adjusted.

Report the mapping you used — issue, estimate, source, duration — so the user can correct a bad label read before you draw anything.

Task States

| Modifier | Meaning | Example | |----------|---------|---------| | done | Completed | Task A :done, a, 2025-01-15, 2d | | active | In progress | Task B :active, b, after a, 3d | | crit | Critical path | Task C :crit, c, after b, 5d | | milestone | Milestone | MVP :milestone, m, after c, 0d |

Timeline Patterns

Reusable Gantt patterns are in gantt-patterns.md: linear project, parallel workstreams, milestones, critical path, and one built from real GitHub issues. Pick the pattern that matches the dependency shape you found in Step 4 and adapt it — don't start from scratch.

Timeline Generation Process

Step 1: Gather Issues

Prerequisite: the gh CLI. Fetch everything the later steps consume in one call:

gh issue list --state open --limit 100 \
  --json number,title,labels,body,milestone,blockedBy,blocking,parent

The three relationship fields matter: labels and body alone cannot see GitHub's native issue dependencies or sub-issues, so a fetch without them silently reports "no dependencies" on a repo that has them. milestone is what Step "After Generating Timeline" needs to flag a missed deadline.

Field shapes to expect:

| Field | Shape | Read | |---|---|---| | blockedBy / blocking | {"nodes": [...], "totalCount": N} | .blockedBy.nodes[].number | | parent | object or null | .parent.number | | milestone | object or null | .milestone.dueOn |

Note the nodes/totalCount wrapper — indexing blockedBy directly as a list fails.

If gh is unavailable, ask the user to paste the issue list instead.

Step 2: Determine Start Date

Use today's date as default start
Or ask user for preferred start date
Consider sprint boundaries

Step 3: Convert Estimates

Apply the rules in Estimate to Duration Conversion above, then show the table you derived:

#100  points-4                  → 4d   (label)
#101  effort/small              → 1d   (label, legacy T-shirt)
#102  ## Estimate: **8 points** → 8d   (body)
#103  none                      → 4d   (default, flagged)

Step 4: Respect Dependencies

Read dependencies from these sources, in order of authority:

blockedBy / blocking — GitHub's native dependencies. Authoritative when present.
Body text keywords — same table dependency-mapping uses, so the two skills agree:

| Pattern | Meaning | |---|---| | "Blocked by #X" | This issue depends on #X | | "Depends on #X" | This issue depends on #X | | "After #X" | Do this after #X | | "Blocks #X" | This issue must complete before #X | | "Required for #X" | This issue must complete before #X | | "Prerequisite: #X" | This issue depends on #X |
parent — a sub-issue relationship is containment, not sequencing. Do not turn it into an after. A tracking/epic parent is not work; render it as a section or a closing milestone, never as its own bar, or you double-count its children's duration.

Drop references to issues outside the fetched set, and say which ones you dropped.

Then order the tasks:

#101 → start immediately
#102 blocked by #101 → after i101
#103 blocked by #101 and #102 → after i101 i102

after accepts several ids separated by spaces; the task starts when the last of them ends.

Check for cycles before emitting any Mermaid — see the Circular Dependencies edge case.

Step 5: Group into Phases

Organize tasks into logical sections: Setup/Foundation, Core Features, Testing, Polish.

Step 6: Generate Gantt Chart

Start from the closest pattern in gantt-patterns.md and fill in the tasks, dependencies, and sections. Before emitting, confirm:

No task name contains a colon
Every after id exists in the chart
Durations are working days if you set excludes weekends, calendar days if you did not

Step 7: Render-Check the Chart

Mermaid accepts plenty of input that produces a broken picture. Do not hand over a chart you have not checked: paste it into a Markdown preview, or run npx -y @mermaid-js/mermaid-cli -i chart.mmd -o chart.svg and confirm it produces an SVG with no NaN coordinates and with every task label intact.

Chart Directives and Formats

| Directive / format | Example | Effect | |---|---|---| | dateFormat | dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD | How input dates are parsed | | axisFormat | axisFormat %b %d | How axis labels are printed | | tickInterval | tickInterval 1week | Axis tick spacing — use for plans over ~3 weeks, or daily ticks turn to mush | | excludes | excludes weekends | Skip non-working days, so 5d means five working days | | todayMarker | todayMarker stroke-width:2px,stroke:#f66 | Highlight today; todayMarker off to hide | | Absolute start | 2025-01-15 | Fixed start date | | after id | after a | Start after one task ends | | after id id | after b d | Start after the last of several tasks ends | | Nd / Nw / Nh | 3d, 2w, 4h | Duration in days / weeks / hours | | 0d | :milestone, m1, after i, 0d | Zero-length — for milestones |

Durations are calendar days unless you add excludes weekends. For sprint planning, set it — otherwise a 5d task starting Thursday reports a finish date on a weekend.

Best Practices

Use sections - Group related tasks for clarity
Show dependencies - Use after id to chain tasks
Mark milestones - Highlight key deliverables
Indicate critical path - Use :crit for must-do-first tasks
Keep titles short - Fit in the chart view, and strip colons
Add buffer - Include slack for unknowns
Render before you deliver - See Step 7

Example Output

For a set of issues about user authentication:

gantt
    title User Authentication System
    dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
    axisFormat %b %d
    excludes weekends

    section Foundation
    Setup auth module       :a, 2025-01-20, 1d
    Database schema         :b, after a, 1d

    section Core Auth
    Registration endpoint   :c, after b, 3d
    Login endpoint          :d, after b, 3d
    Password reset          :e, after c, 2d

    section Security
    JWT implementation      :f, after d, 2d
    Rate limiting           :g, after f, 1d

    section Testing
    Unit tests              :h, after e g, 2d
    Integration tests       :i, after h, 2d

    section Milestone
    Auth Complete           :milestone, m1, after i, 0d

Handling Edge Cases

No Estimates

If issues lack estimates after checking every source in Estimate to Duration Conversion:

Use 4 points (4d) as default
List exactly which issues were defaulted, and say the timeline is a guess until they are sized
If most issues are unestimated, say so before drawing — an all-3d chart tells the user nothing they didn't already know, and estimating-work-items can size the work first

Circular Dependencies

Mermaid will not catch this for you. Given A after B and B after A it emits a chart with NaN geometry and no error — on GitHub that renders as a blank or mangled diagram, which reads like a rendering bug rather than a planning bug.

So detect the cycle yourself, before emitting any Mermaid:

Build the dependency map from Step 4.
Walk it depth-first, tracking the current path; a node you meet twice on one path closes a cycle. (Equivalently: repeatedly remove tasks with no unmet dependencies — whatever remains is cyclic.)
Report the cycle as an error, naming the issues in the loop: "#102 → #103 → #102".
Stop. Do not emit a partial chart, and do not silently break the loop — ask which dependency is wrong. A cycle means the plan is impossible, not that the diagram is hard to draw.

Too Many Tasks

Mermaid renders 25+ rows without complaint; the limit is human, not technical. Past roughly 20–25 bars the chart stops being readable, so:

Split the work into sections — Mermaid has no summary/rollup task, so sections are the only grouping it offers
Past ~25 bars, emit one chart per phase and a small top-level chart of phase-length bars plus milestones
Or suggest filtering to one milestone or sprint

After Generating Timeline

Show total project duration
Identify the end date
Flag if the end date falls after any milestone.dueOn from Step 1, or any deadline the user stated
Offer to save the chart to a markdown file in the repo
Suggest adding milestones if missing
Suggest dependency-mapping if the blocking structure needs its own diagram

Agent Skills: Timeline Planning Skill

Install this agent skill to your local

Skill Files