Zustand State Management
Minimal state management - no providers, minimal boilerplate.
Quick Reference
import { create } from 'zustand'
interface BearState {
bears: number
increase: (by: number) => void
}
const useBearStore = create<BearState>()((set) => ({
bears: 0,
increase: (by) => set((state) => ({ bears: state.bears + by })),
}))
// In component - select only what you need
const bears = useBearStore((state) => state.bears)
const increase = useBearStore((state) => state.increase)
State Updates
// Flat updates (auto-merged at one level)
set({ bears: 5 })
set((state) => ({ bears: state.bears + 1 }))
// Nested objects (manual spread required)
set((state) => ({
nested: { ...state.nested, count: state.nested.count + 1 }
}))
// Replace entire state (no merge)
set({ bears: 0 }, true)
Selectors & Performance
// Good - subscribes only to bears
const bears = useBearStore((state) => state.bears)
// Bad - rerenders on any change
const state = useBearStore()
// Multiple values with useShallow (prevents rerenders with shallow comparison)
import { useShallow } from 'zustand/react/shallow'
const { bears, fish } = useBearStore(
useShallow((state) => ({ bears: state.bears, fish: state.fish }))
)
// Array destructuring also works
const [bears, fish] = useBearStore(
useShallow((state) => [state.bears, state.fish])
)
Access Outside Components
// Get current state (non-reactive)
const state = useBearStore.getState()
// Update state
useBearStore.setState({ bears: 5 })
// Subscribe to changes
const unsub = useBearStore.subscribe((state) => console.log(state))
unsub() // unsubscribe
Vanilla Store (No React)
import { createStore } from 'zustand/vanilla'
const store = createStore((set) => ({
bears: 0,
increase: (by) => set((state) => ({ bears: state.bears + by })),
}))
store.getState().bears
store.setState({ bears: 10 })
store.subscribe((state) => console.log(state))
Additional Documentation
- Middleware: See references/middleware.md for persist, devtools, immer
- Patterns: See references/patterns.md for slices, testing, best practices
- TypeScript: See references/typescript.md for advanced typing patterns
Key Patterns
| Pattern | When to Use |
|---------|-------------|
| Single selector | One piece of state needed |
| useShallow | Multiple values, avoid rerenders |
| getState() | Outside React, event handlers |
| subscribe() | External systems, logging |
| Vanilla store | Non-React environments |