iOS Architecture Standards
Priority: P0 (CRITICAL)
Implementation Guidelines
MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel)
- ViewModel Responsibility: Handle business logic, formatting, and state. No UIKit imports (except for platform types like
UIImageif strictly necessary). - ViewState: Use single state object or discrete
@Publishedproperties for UI updates. Expose state asprivate(set)or using publishers. - Inputs/Outputs: Define explicit protocols or nested types for inputs (events from View) and outputs (state for View).
Coordinator Pattern
- Navigation Logic: Decouple ViewControllers from navigation logic. Coordinator handles instantiation and push/present. ** NOT use
navigationControllerdirectly in ViewController for screen transitions.** - Dependency Injection: Pass dependencies (Services, Repositories) through Coordinator into ViewModels.
- Child Coordinators: Maintain hierarchy; correctly remove child coordinators from parent's collection when their flow finished.
Clean Architecture (VIP/VIPER)
- VIP (Clean Swift): Use Interactor for logic, Presenter for UI formatting, and ViewController for display.
- Unidirectional Flow: Data flows: View -> Interactor -> Presenter -> View.
- VIPER: (View, Interactor, Presenter, Entity, Router) — another common architectural pattern for iOS apps.
Anti-Patterns
- No Logic in VC: Move business logic to ViewModel/Interactor.
- No Public ViewModel State: Keep state private(set) or using publishers.
- No Direct Navigation: Use Coordinator for screen transitions. Never use
navigationControllerdirectly.
Verification Checklist (Mandatory)
- [ ] Pure ViewModel: ViewModel any
UIKitimports? (Prohibited) - [ ] Navigation:
navigationControllerused directly in VC for transitions? (Use Coordinator) - [ ] State Access: ViewModel state exposed as
public var? (Useprivate(set)or publishers) - [ ] Deallocation: child coordinators correctly removed from parent's collection on finish?
- [ ] VIP Unidirection: data flow unidirectional (View -> Interactor -> Presenter -> View)?