Swift Memory Management
Priority: P0
Implementation Guidelines
ARC Fundamentals
- Default: Strong references. Swift automatically manages retain/release.
- Weak: Use weak if the reference can become nil during its lifetime (delegates, optional parent refs).
- Unowned: Use unowned if the reference is guaranteed to outlive the referring object (rare; prefer weak).
Capture Lists
- Closures: Place
[weak self]at the beginning of the closure's capture list. Pattern:{ [weak self] in guard let self = self else { return } }. - Self in Structs: No capture list needed (
selfis copied by value). - Multiple Captures:
[weak self, weak delegate].
Retain Cycles
- Delegates: Always
weak var delegate. The delegate protocol should inherit from AnyObject (e.g.,protocol MyDelegate: AnyObject {}). - Closures as Properties: Use
weakorunownedin capture list. - two-way References: One side must be
weak.
Anti-Patterns
- No strong var delegate: Use weak.
- No self in escaping closures: Use [weak self].
- No unowned unless certain: Default to weak to prevent crashes.