PMF Validation
Frameworks for achieving and measuring product-market fit.
Related Skills
pm-assumption-mapping- Prioritizing assumptions by riskpm-customer-interviews- Discovery interview techniquespm-jobs-to-be-done- Understanding customer motivations
Assumption Risk Framework
High Risk (Validate First)
| Assumption | Validation Method | Success Criteria | |------------|------------------|------------------| | Problem exists | Customer interviews (10+) | 7/10 confirm problem | | Willing to pay | Price testing, pre-orders | 3+ paying commitments | | Pain is acute | Severity scoring | Average 8+/10 |
Medium Risk (Validate During MVP)
| Assumption | Validation Method | Success Criteria | |------------|------------------|------------------| | Features priority | Usage analytics | 60%+ use core feature | | Channel works | A/B testing | CAC < 1/3 LTV | | Positioning | Competitive testing | Clear preference signals |
Low Risk (Validate Post-Launch)
- Scale assumptions
- Expansion opportunities
- Adjacent markets
MVP Strategy
Definition Criteria
| Element | Question | Output | |---------|----------|--------| | Core value | What's the one thing it MUST do? | Single feature | | Target user | Who has this problem most acutely? | Narrow persona | | Success metric | How do we know it works? | Measurable KPI | | Timeline | What's the fastest we can test? | Weeks, not months |
Feature Prioritization
| Category | Include in MVP | Defer | |----------|----------------|-------| | Must-have | Core value delivery | Enhancement features | | Differentiator | Key unique angle | Secondary differentiators | | Table stakes | Minimum viable | Nice-to-haves |
Validation Methodology
Customer Discovery Script
Opening (2 min)
- Build rapport
- Explain purpose: learning, not selling
Problem Exploration (10 min)
- "Tell me about the last time you dealt with [problem]..."
- "What did you try? What worked/didn't work?"
- "On a scale of 1-10, how painful is this?"
Solution Testing (5 min)
- "If you could wave a magic wand, what would happen?"
- "I'm working on something that [brief description]..."
- "Would this help? Why or why not?"
Commitment Testing (3 min)
- "Would you be interested in trying an early version?"
- "What would you expect to pay for something like this?"
- "Can I follow up when we have something to show?"
Signal Interpretation
| Signal | Meaning | Action | |--------|---------|--------| | "I'd pay for this" | Interest | Get specific on price | | "Keep me updated" | Lukewarm | Find stronger pain | | "I already have X" | Competition | Differentiate or pivot | | "Let me introduce you to..." | Enthusiasm | Strong signal |
Decision Framework
Green Light (Proceed)
- 70%+ confirm problem exists
- 3+ paying commitments
- Clear differentiation
- Unit economics work
Yellow Light (Iterate)
- Mixed feedback on value prop
- Price resistance but interest
- Unclear positioning
- Channel uncertainty
Red Light (Pivot)
- <30% problem confirmation
- No willingness to pay
- Existing solutions "good enough"
- No user enthusiasm
PMF Indicators
| Metric | Pre-PMF | At PMF | Strong PMF | |--------|---------|--------|------------| | Retention | <20% | 40%+ | 60%+ | | NPS | <20 | 40+ | 60+ | | Word of mouth | <10% | 25%+ | 40%+ | | Revenue growth | Flat | 20%+ MoM | 50%+ MoM | | Inbound demand | None | Some | Pull > Push |