Technical Debt Analysis
Systematic methodology for identifying, classifying, and prioritizing technical debt across a codebase. This skill diagnoses — it produces an inventory and remediation roadmap but does not modify code.
When to Use
- User asks about technical debt, maintenance burden, or "what's slowing us down"
- Starting a new engagement with an unfamiliar codebase
- Before a major refactor to scope and prioritize work
- Periodic health check on code quality
When NOT to Use
- Actually fixing the debt (use
refactor-cleaninstead) - Pure dependency/security audit (use
deps-auditinstead) - Performance profiling without structural concerns
- Single-file code review
Relationship to refactor-clean
These skills form a diagnose/treat pair:
- tech-debt = diagnose (what's wrong, how bad, what to fix first)
- refactor-clean = treat (how to fix it, verify quality after)
Run tech-debt first to build the inventory, then hand prioritized items to refactor-clean for execution.
Workflow
1. Scan
Walk the codebase and identify debt items using the debt categories.
- Glob for project structure and file sizes
- Grep for known smell patterns (TODO/FIXME/HACK, deeply nested code, large files)
- Read representative files in hotspot areas
- Classify each finding into its debt category
2. Assess
Score each debt item using the ROI framework.
- Evaluate impact across velocity, quality, and risk dimensions
- Assign a risk level (Critical / High / Medium / Low)
- Estimate effort to remediate (T-shirt size: S / M / L / XL)
- Note recurring cost if left unaddressed
3. Prioritize
Rank items into action tiers:
| Tier | Profile | Action | | ----------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------- | | Quick Wins | High impact, low effort | Address immediately | | Medium-Term | High impact, high effort | Plan for next cycle | | Long-Term | Moderate impact, large | Roadmap for future | | Skip | Low impact, high effort | Accept or revisit later |
4. Report
Deliver the analysis in structured format:
## Tech Debt Inventory
### Summary
- Total items found: N
- Critical: N | High: N | Medium: N | Low: N
### Debt Items
| # | Category | Item | Location | Risk | Effort | Tier |
|---|----------|------|----------|------|--------|------|
| 1 | Code | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
### Prioritized Roadmap
#### Quick Wins
- [items with rationale]
#### Medium-Term
- [items with rationale]
#### Long-Term
- [items with rationale]
### Recommendations
- [key observations and suggested next steps]
Output Format
- Debt Inventory — Categorized list with locations, risk levels, and effort estimates
- Prioritized Roadmap — Action tiers with rationale for ordering
- Recommendations — Key observations and suggested next steps
Reference Files
Detailed taxonomy and scoring guidance:
- debt-categories.md — Debt types with detection criteria and measurement thresholds
- roi-framework.md — Impact assessment, risk classification, and prioritization tiers